ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between clinical and mycological diagnosis of onychomycosis
Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ibn Sina Medical College and National Medical College, Dhaka during the period from January 2014 to December 2015. Total 200 samples were included in this study. Clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed by KOH smear and fungal culture
Results: A total of 200 clinically diagnosed patients of onychomycosis were included in this study. Out of 200 patients of onychomycosis, total culture positive were 152 [76%]. Both KOH and culture positive were 136 [true positive], KOH-ve but culture positive were 16 [false negative], KOH+ve but culture negative were 8 [false positive], both KOH and culture negative were 40 [true negative]. Out of 152 culture positive cases, isolated fungi included Trichophyton mentagrophytes 72 [47%], T. rubrum 64 [42%] and Candida spp. 16 [10%]
Conclusion: The study concluded that onychomycosis was predominant among the advance age with slight female preponderance. DLSO was the most common clinical type. Fingernail involvement was more common than toenail involvement. Dermatophytes were the common pathogens
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: There is a lack of international collaborative studies on young adults with ischaemic stroke in Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors, aetiology and outcome at hospital discharge of these patients across 8 participating countries in Asia. Methods: This was a prospective, observational, multicentre, hospital based cohort study. Consecutive young stroke patients with confirmed cerebral infarction between the ages of 18-49 were recruited from December 2011 to May 2012. Data was collected for patient demography, risk factors, investigations, clinical profile and TOAST classification. Outcome measures were death and independence (modified Rankin score≤ 2) at hospital discharge. Results: Two hundred and eighteen patients with the mean age was 40.8±6.7 years were recruited. There was a larger proportion of male patients with a ratio of 1.9:1. Traditional risk factors observed were hypertension (n=103; 47.3%), dyslipidaemia (n=93; 42.4%), smoking (n=85; 38.8%), diabetes (n=53; 24.3%), alcohol use (n=33; 15.0%), a previous history of stroke and transient ischaemic attacks (6.4%), family history (n=12; 5.5%), migraine (n=6;2.8%), pregnancy related (n=5; 2.3%) and numerous cardiac risk factors (0.9-5.5%). The majority suffered arterial infarction; n=216 (99.4%) while n=2 (0.6%) had venous strokes. The predominant stroke subtypes were large artery atherosclerosis (LAA); 29.8% and small vessel occlusion (SVO); 20.2%. LAA and SVO accounted for 37.5% of all stroke subtypes in the ≤36 year age-group. Cardioembolism (15.1%) and stroke of determined aetiology (14.7%) contributed to the other categories of identified stroke subtypes. Mortality on hospital discharge was 3.1% while 65.1% of patients were independent on discharge. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the substantial presence of premature atherosclerosis and conventional risk factors in young ischaemic stroke patients from 8 Asian cities. Venous infarction from cerebral venous thrombosis was rare in this study. Outcome on hospital discharge was poorer compared to Western studies. Detection of vascular risk factors and primary prevention measures should be initiated during late adolescence or early adulthood in urban Asia.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of topical calcipotriol ointment [0.005%] and betamethasone dipropionate [0.05%] cream, given alone and in combination, in treatment of localized vitiligo
Methods: It was a clinical trial conducted from January 2012 to August 2012. Patients of localized vitiligo attending outpatient department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka were the study population. In group A, 20 patients applied betamethasone dipropionate cream 0.05% in the morning and topical calcipotriene ointment [0.005%] in the evening, in group B, 20 patients applied betamethasone dipropionate cream 0.05% twice daily; In group C, 20 patients used calcipotriene ointment 0.005%
Results: in The vitiligo score in group A, B and C reduced from 26, 25 and 23, respectively to 3, 8 and 6 [p<0.05]. The side effects experienced by patients at 5[th] follow-up were: in group A, erythema [15%], dryness [15%], scaling [5%] and pruritus [5%]; in group B, erythema [15%], scaling [5%], dryness [5%] and pruritus [5%]; and in group C, erythema [10%] [p=0.005]
Conclusion: Both the drugs, calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate when used individually as monotherapy, were found to be equally effective in the treatment of vitiligo, but the combination of the two was found to be superior in efficacy. Regarding safety level, calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate when used individually, were found to be safer in the treatment of vitiligo, than the combination of the two
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: There is a paucity of studies looking into the frequency of complications after stroke among Asians. We sought to determine the frequency and rate of complications among Asians after acute stroke. Methods: Consecutive patients with acute stroke among 10 participating Asian countries were included in the study. The frequency and timing of pre-determined complications, and their relation to area of admission were noted. Results: Of the 1,153 patients included in the study, 423 (41.9%) developed complications within the first 2 weeks of stroke. Recurrent stroke, chest infections and urinary tract infections were most commonly encountered, and were most frequent within the first week of stroke onset. A lower rate of complications was noted among patients admitted at an organized stroke unit. Conclusion: There is a similar rate of frequency and timing of complications after acute stroke among Asians as compared with other populations.